Articles

  • Spatiotemporal mode extraction for fluid–structure interaction using mode decomposition

    We proposed a method to extract the spatiotemporal modes of structural deformation obtained from fluid-structure interaction analysis using Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD). By applying this method, it becomes possible to identify the dominant structural deformation modes in systems where fluid forces induce significant structural changes, such as flexible aeroshells.

  • Nucleation probability of methane + propane mixed-gas hydrate depending on gas composition

    Natural gas hydrate contains large amounts of natural gas and is attracting attention as one of the future domestic resources, or as its storage and transportation medium. For its industrial use, it is one of the problems that the nucleation process is difficult to control. This study has revealed that the nucleation probability of methane + propane mixed-gas hydrate, as a mimic of natural-gas hydrate, depends on the composition. This result will help develop technology for industrial use of gas hydrates.

  • Transport of radioactive elements in concrete due to utilization of recycled aggregate contaminated with nuclides

    In the future, a huge amount of concrete waste will be generated in preparation for the demolition of nuclear power plants. From the perspective of rational processing and disposal, it is possible to reuse this waste, particularly waste with low levels of radioactivity, as recycled aggregate. Clarifying how radioactive materials migrate inside concrete is extremely important in building a safe and secure society.

  • Mussel Adhesive Protein-Assisted Magnetic Recovery of Microplastics from Aquatic Environments

    Mussel adhesive proteins can adhere to a wide range of materials, from iron (inorganic) to plastic (organic). By taking advantage of this adhesive property, we can form a composite of microplastics and magnetic microparticles, which can be magnetically recovered from an aqueous solution with an efficiency greater than 99%.

  • Photoinduced Metal–Insulator Phase Separation Depending on the Conformational Order of Molecules in β-(BEDT-TTF)₂I₃

    In this study, the role of the conformational order of organic molecules in photo-induced phase separation (PIPS), which forms the basis for ultrafast switching devices, is investigated. The results show that PIPS occurs below 150 K in the partially ordered phase and below 75 K in the homogeneously ordered phase. This result implies that conformational order plays a crucial role in determining the temperature at which PIPS occurs, providing significant insight for room-temperature operation, which is essential for the practical application of devices.

  • Seismic performance of a bridge pier integrated by multiple steel pipes with directly-connected piles using soil-water coupled with three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element analysis

    A new type of bridge support using connected steel pipes was tested to see if it performs as well as traditional designs during earthquakes. Small-scale shaking tests showed that it works just as well or even better. However, since only one type of shaking was tested, we are now using computer simulations to see how it reacts to different kinds of earthquake motions. This will help us better understand how safe and reliable this new bridge design is for the future.

  • Study on long-term subsidence of soft clay due to Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki earthquake of 2007

    In the 2007 Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki Earthquake, ground liquefaction was severe in sandy areas, but long-term settlement occurred in soft clay in Kashiwazaki’s Shinbashi district. Even without visible damage, the ground sank 71 mm over 14 years. We studied this by boring and testing soil samples, finding the clay to be soft and highly compressible. Using a specialized computer model (TS-CM), we successfully simulated the ground’s behavior, showing that this type of clay is prone to long-term sinking after earthquakes due to water pressure buildup and delayed consolidation. These findings help predict future ground behavior in similar soils.

  • Lack of Oscillatory Motion of Superfluid ⁴He During its Dripping from a Needle

    Although pendant droplets commonly exist in our daily lives, their dynamics are not fully understood. To obtain further understanding of its physics, we observed superfluid helium dripping from a thin needle by a high-speed camera. Superfluidity is an inviscid liquid state only happening in helium at low temperatures. The present study where we used a thin needle to eliminate the droplet’s remnant volume clearly demonstrated that the dissipation-less large oscillation observed in the previous experiments was crucial for the discretization of the dripping period which is novel phenomenon reflecting the anomalous fluid properties of superfluid helium.

  • Electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction catalytic activity of zirconium nitrides synthesized by the urea-glass route using ZrCl₄ as a raw material

    The development of electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO2RR) catalysts is crucial for converting CO₂ into valuable chemicals using surplus renewable energy. Carbon monoxide (CO) is widely studied due to its multiple applications. We prepared ZrN nanoparticles via the “urea-glass route.”, as a novel CO2RR catalyst, This preparation process resulted in the formation of a ZrN-carbon composite. CO2RR tests showed the formation of CO, as well as hydrogen, which was generated as a byproduct of the competing water electrolysis reaction. Despite the relatively low CO efficiency, we successfully confirmed the electrochemical CO2RR activity of the ZrN-carbon composite.

  • Understanding the active catalyst surface structure on Ru-doped Ni/CeO₂ catalysts for CO₂ methanation

    Converting CO₂ into valuable compounds using renewable hydrogen is a promising strategy for achieving a decarbonized society. We previously demonstrated that Ni-based catalysts efficiently convert CO₂ into methane, the main component of city gas. In this study, we combined expertise in chemical engineering, computational chemistry, and physics to uncover the surface structure of the developed catalyst. These structural insights pave the way for improving catalyst performance and for designing advanced CO₂ conversion systems that contribute to a decarbonized future.